[جديد][headercarousel]

Lesson 2 unit 3 :Extinction


Extinction
Lesson objectives:

  • By the end of this lesson, the student should be able to:
1- Define the concept of extinction.

2-Using fossils to indicate extinction of some types of organisms.

3- Imagine the concept of extinction by reading the fossil record.

4- Conclude the factors that cause extinction of some types of living organisms.
5-Take responsibility in reducing rates of environmental pollution.

6- Understand the effect of climatic changes and natural disasters on ecological equilibrium.

7-Give examples of extinct and endangered species.

8- Protect the endangered living organisms.

9-Treat the environment with consciousness and
appreciate the importance of natural life.

 10- Understand the effect of extinction on ecological equilibrium.
 
11-Respect the value and role of living organisms in the ecological equilibrium.

12-Suggest new solutions to protect living organisms from extinction.

13-Deal gently with the living organisms.

14-Appreciate the role of scientists in protecting living organisms from extinction
.

1-Concept of extinction :


Extinction is the permanent end to the existence of a species. Through the vast expanse of geological time, extinction has been the fate of most kinds of living things on earth. The background rate of extinction has been more or less constant at about one species per million each year. New species arise at about the same rate. From time to time a mass extinction event occurs.

 2-Using fossils to indicate extinction :

The fossils in rocks of different areas record indicate  the extinction of spices of once living organisms  most of them had been extincted before man.

 3- Factors causing extinction of species:




1 -Destroying natural habitat

Like removing forests and destroy habitats of animals

2- Over hunting :


 

 
Hundreds of reptiles and mammals species become
recently extinct due to the absence of laws that control
wild animal hunting at the beginning of the 20th century.

The progressive development in the technology of
hunting weapons, and the increased rate of interest in
animal skins and furs 

  3 -Environmental pollution:




Since the industrial revolution in 1750, pollution has
propagated in all ecosystems. Among the ways of
pollution that contributed to the extinction of living
organisms are:
  • Acidic rain fall and destroy forest trees.
  • Chemical insecticides that break down the food chains.
  • Oil leaks in seas and oceans 
4 Climatic changes and natural disasters :



For more information about this
lesson,please visit these sites

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4un5t_O7D0

 http://www.slideshare.net/BongTong/extinction-34551004

 http://www.slideshare.net/futureguys/animal-extinction

 http://www.slideshare.net/zpearson/endangered-species-extinction

 http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/biodiversity/elements_of_biodiversity/extinction_crisis/

 http://www.slideshare.net/JulieVanStappen/extinction-59287339

 http://www.endangeredspeciesinternational.org/overview.html

 

 http://www.oum.ox.ac.uk/thezone/animals/extinct/define.htm

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction

4-The extinct and endangered species :

First: Extinct species

A.Dodo bird :

it is not flying bird due to reduced size of its wings
cannot run fast due to its short legs. These features make it uneasy target for hunters (Fig. 13). It became extinct in 1681 in the Indian islands 50 years after Man invaded these islands.
For more information about it ,please visit this site:
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodo


B-Quaga

For more information about it ,please visit this site:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quagga

C- Passenger pigeon


For more information about it ,please visit this site:


D- Tasmanian cat

For more information about it ,please visit this site:



E.Golden frog

For more information about it ,please visit this site:

Second : The endangered species

1-Panda bear






For more information about it ,please visit this site: 



2-Rinoceors




For more information about it ,please visit this site: 


3-Bald eagle



For more information about it ,please visit this site: 


4- Ibis bird








For more information about it ,please visit this site: 


5-Papyrus plant




For more information about it ,please visit this site: 



Ways to protect living organisms from extinction :

1-Increasing the awareness about the importance of natural life to sustain the existence of mankind.


2-Rearing and reproducing the endangered species and sending them back to their native habitats.


3-Establishing gene banks for those much endangered species.

4-Establishing natural protectorate areas.

 

 Natural protectorates are safe areas established to protect endangered species in their homeland.
The most recognized protectorates in the world are
blue stone in USA where the grey bear is protected

and the panda protectorate in Northeastern China.


The number of natural protectorates in Egypt reached
about 27 protectorates in 2009.Ras Mohamed protectorate established protectorate in Egypt. This was in 1983.It is characterized by the presence of rare coral reefs


In 2005, UNESCO declared Wadi Hetan, part of Wadi
El-Ramayana Protectorate in Fayoum, as the best world
heritage of whales’ skeletons. It contains complete
exoskeletons fossils  that are dated to be
as old as 40 million years.

 








عربي باي